In Earth’s atmosphere includes some gases like oxygen nitrogen and other. We used oxygen for breathe. That way mixture of gases is called the atmosphere. The atmosphere is thickest near the Earth’s surface and gets thinner with height. There is almost no air above 480 kilo meters.  

THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE

There are five layers within the atmosphere.

1. The troposphere
2. The stratosphere
3. The mesosphere
4. The ionosphere
5. The exosphere

Ionosphere

The ionosphere is the upper-most part of the atmosphere ranging between 85km to 600km. It is divided into four sub-layers. The ionosphere contains electrically charged atoms and molecules.

Mesosphere

The mesosphere ranges between 50 to 80 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. It is the coldest region of the atmosphere. Temperatures here fall as low as – 100 degrees Celsius.

Stratosphere

The stratosphere is located just above the troposphere and below the mesosphere and ranges between 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface. It contains the Ozone layer, which shields us from the harmful effects of the sun’s rays.

Troposphere

The troposphere is the atmosphere’s lowest layer. It ends at about 15 kilo meters above the Earth’s surface. The atmosphere is thickest here. The troposphere is made up mostly of nitrogen and oxygen. It contains other gases as well, but in smaller quantities.

Some interesting Facts About the Atmosphere 

1.Ever wonder what causes the white streak seen after some planes shoot through the sky? These white trails, known as contrails or condensation trails, form when the hot, humid exhaust from an engine mixes with the colder outside air. Water vapour from the exhaust freezes and becomes visible, just like your warm breath on a cold day. A thin and rapidly disappearing contrail means the air at those high altitudes is low in humidity, indicating good weather. A thick, persistent contrail signals high humidity and mean a storm is coming.

2.We’d think clouds are the main depository since they drop water; most of the water in our atmosphere is invisible water vapour. For this reason, more sweat lingers on our bodies when the water vapour in the air, known as humidity, is higher.

3.The sky is actually purple. As light enters the atmosphere, air and water particles absorb and reemit the light, scattering it on its way to our eyes. Since scattering prefers shorter wavelengths, the most commonly scattered color is actually violet. We think we see a blue sky rather than a purple one because our eyes are more sensitive to the color blue.

4.The stratosphere is thinner than the first layer, so most jet planes and weather balloons fly here.

5.Our Earth has likely lost its atmosphere a handful of times. When the planet was covered by magma oceans, massive planet-like interstellar objects smashed into the Earth. These impacts – also responsible for creating our Moon – may have been responsible for generating the planet’s early attempts at an atmosphere.